According to media, The emergency room at Ben M'sik hospital in Casablanca experienced an unusual number of patients with severe diarrhea, fever, nausea and stomach aches. Dozens of people suffered from food poisoning, after having apparently consumed a "magic bread" sold by one of the snack bars in the Sbata district. 

The Limpopo Provincial Government declared an outbreak of Schistosomiasis in the Mopani district of Limpopo province. The villages areas of Nkowankowa, Khujwane, and Dan are especially affected. On 7 Aug 2024, over 140 students from Malwandla Primary School were diagnosed with schistosomiasis and are currently receiving treatment with anti-parasitic medication.

The Los Angeles County Public Health Department has confirmed a case of locally acquired dengue from a resident who has no history of travel to areas where dengue fever is endemic. According to a release from the health department, the infected person resides in Baldwin Park.  It is the third case of locally acquired dengue in California and the first reported by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health. Cases of locally acquired dengue were previously confirmed by Long Beach and Pasadena in fall 2023.

The number of dengue cases this year [2024] has crossed the 25’000 mark, the highest ever in Karnataka. As of 3 September 2024, the state has recorded 25’589 cases and 12 deaths. Over 15’000 cases have been added to its total tally in the last 45 days.The number of cases in 2024 period already cross those of the entire 2023 (n= 19’300).

In two weeks (19 – 21 Sep 2024) the "Conference on Tropical Medicine and Global Health 2024" starts in Düsseldorf! We would like to draw your attention once again to the exciting and varied programme with numerous national and international speakers (see www.dtg-conferences.de)!  The hosting societies German Society for Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine and Global Health e.V. (DTG) and Swiss Society of Tropical and Travel Medicine (SSTTM) are delighted to welcome you to the conference! Please note: For registration, see LINKConference language is English, except for session on Saturday afternoon (in German)Annual assembly will take place for DTG and SSTTM

In 2024, as of 01 September 2024, 15 countries have reported 3’891 confirmed cases, including 32 deaths. The three countries with the majority of the cases in 2024 are The Democratic Republic of the Congo, (n = 3’361), Burundi, (n = 328), and Nigeria (n = 48). Note: a significant number of suspected cases, that are clinically compatible with mpox are not tested due to limited diagnostic capacity and never get confirmed. WHO efforts on integrating these data is currently ongoing and will be included in future updates. Not all countries have robust surveillance systems for mpox, so case counts are likely to be underestimates.According to WHO, in 2024 as of 1 Sept 2024, mpox due to monkeypox virus clade I were reported in (for updates, details, epidemic curves, see WHO LINK): Clade Ia and b:D.R. Congo: According to WHO: 3’361 cases. Increasing trend in number of cases.According to Africa CDC, update 31 Aug 2024: Since the last update (23 August 2024 ), the MoH reported 1’838 confirmed, 1’095 suspected and 35 deaths (CFR: 2.2%) of mpox from 16 provinces. This is a 137% increase in the number of new cases reported compared to the last update. Cumulatively, 4’799 confirmed, 17’801 suspected and 610 deaths (CFR: 3.4%) of mpox have been reported from all 26 provinces in DRC. Children <15 years accounted for 66% of cases and 82% of deaths. Of the confirmed cases, 73% were males. Clade Ia and Ib was isolated from the confirmed cases. Clade Ib Burundi: 328 confirmed cases (plus more than 700 cases suspected cases), including more than 190 hospitalized patients. Increasing trend in cases (+8 % within one week).The majority of case are from North Bujumbura, Kayanza and South Bujumbura district. A total of 29 districts out of 49 districts) have reported at least one positive mpox case.Rwanda: 4 casesUganda: 10 casesKenya: 4 casesOutside Africa: Sweden (1 case, imported from Burundi), Thailand (1 case, imported from DRC) Clade Ia: D.R. Congo: 23 casesRepublic of the Congo: 49 confirmed casesCentral African Republic: 45 confirmed casesCameroon: 5 cases including unknown number of cases with clade IIa and IIbMpox due to monkeypox virus clade II (a and b) reported in 2024 (for updates, details, epidemic curves, see WHO LINK):Côte d’Ivoire: 28 casesNigeria: 48 casesSouth Africa: 24 casesMarocco: 1 caseCameroon: 5 cases including unknown number of cases with clade 1aIn addition, mpox cases have been reported in Africa without specification of the clade in 2024:Gabon: 2 casesGuinea: 1 caseLiberia: 7 cases Clades globally detected (1 Jan 2022 to 01 Sept 2024), Link                        Outbreak status (active transmission = red), Link

The State Department of Health confirmed a case rabies in a 56-year-old man who was bitten by a marmoset in the rural area of Piripiri, 166 km north of Teresina. The agency reported that the last cases of human rabies in the state occurred more than 10 years ago, in 2013, in the cities of Parnaíba and Pio IX.In Brazil, rabies transmitted by the common marmoset primate is emerging and causing unpredictable human deaths. This primate, once endemic to the northeast of the country, has now invaded regions in the south through human-mediated introductions. However, the dynamics of rabies in this primate and the extent of spillover risk to humans remain unknown. Researchers found that outbreaks of rabies in marmosets reported to the Ministry of Health are continuously reported in new areas, including three new states since 2012, for details see publication. Marmoset:

Between early June and 15 August 2024, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of the Government of India reported 245 cases of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) including 82 deaths (CFR 33%). Of these, 64 are confirmed cases of Chandipura virus (CHPV) infection. CHPV is endemic in India, with previous outbreaks occurring regularly, especially during the monsoon season. However, the current outbreak is the largest in the past 20 years. The Chandipura virus (Vesiculovirus chandipura, CHPV) is a zoonotic arbovirus in the family Rhabdoviridae. The virus is endemic in several regions of India and has been detected in other countries in the South Asian subcontinent. Sporadic cases and limited outbreaks have been reported in India since 1965. The virus has also been detected in animals in some African countries (e.g. Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania) without reported human cases.The principal vector of CHPV in India is the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi, which is also present in several regions of Europe. Other sand fly, mosquito and tick species are also potential vectors of the virus. A broad range of animals are suspected as vertebrate hosts of CHPV; however, little information is available on the natural ecological cycle of the virus.The incubation period is typically short, ranging from 3 to 6 days.CHPV infection may manifest in rapid course as a general febrile disease with meningitis and/or encephalitis (Acute Encephalitis Syndrome). Predominantly children below the age of 15 years are affected. The case fatality rate can reach 55–75%. Serological data indicate asymptomatic human infections.  There is no specific treatment or vaccine available.

Sexually transmissible infections (STIs) represent some of the most prevalent infections globally, with an estimated 375 million new infections with one of the curable STIs each year. About 300’000 new diagnoses of bacterial STIs are reported annually by the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) Member States to The European Surveillance System, the main source of epidemiological data for the region.  On World Sexual Health Day (4 September 2024), the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) published a comprehensive review that underscores the urgent need to improve monitoring data and enhance targeted prevention interventions across Europe, see LINK

On 27 Aug 2024 a measles outbreak across Ho-Chi-Minh city has been declared due to a rapid increase in cases in the southern hub.

At least 6 people have died and more have been hospitalized in intensive care unit due to methanol intoxication after consumption of punched alcohol. According to the police in Bangkok, samples of homemade liquor from the 18 stalls contained hazardous levels of methanol.

Two suspected Nipah cases have been reported from the state of Kerala. The case are hospitalized and isolated. Investigations are ongoing.The Nipah virus (NiV) is a viral disease that can cause a severe clinical picture. It was first detected in 1999 during an outbreak in Malaysia and Singapore. Since then, several outbreaks have been reported in South and Southeast Asia.NiV is most commonly transmitted via fruit bats through direct or indirect contact with their faeces. Tree fruit or sap made from it that is contaminated with bat faeces is often considered a source of infection. Human-to-human transmission has been reported when caring for infected patients. In addition, pigs can also be infected. The disease spectrum ranges from (mostly) asymptomatic courses to flu-like symptoms with high fever, headache and muscle pain to encephalitis with severe neurological or other complications. Mortality is high (40-70%).

In June and July 2024, 424 Japanese encephalitis patients were reported in Assam stat. the majority of cases was reported in July (376 cases) which marks a sharp increase in cases.

The oropouche virus outbreak in Cuba is still ongoing and the detection of cases in returning travelers continuous.The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported on 27 Aug 2024 the detection of 21 cases of oropouche fever in people who returned from Cuba, 3 of whom required hospitalization. These cases were recorded up to 16 Aug 2024, and most of those affected presented symptoms between May and July 2024. Canary islands: In August three cases of oropouche virus infection have been confirmed on Canary islands among travelers returning from Cuba. According to WHO, as of 20 July 2024, a total of 8’078 confirmed oropouche cases, including two deaths, have been reported in the Region of the Americas, across five countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, and Peru.   Oropouche fever is a viral disease that is transmitted by mosquito bites. The virus is found in several regions of the Americas, particularly in Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru and Trinidad and Tobago.The clinical picture includes dengue-like symptoms with sudden onset of high fever, headache, myalgia, skin rash, joint pain and vomiting. The disease usually lasts 3-6 days. A short-term recurrence of symptoms can occur in up to 60% of cases. Rare complications include inflammation of the brain. In 2024, a small number of cases of transmission from mother to unborn child (vertical transmission) were reported for the first time.

Following the report of an imported Monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade Ib case in Sweden on 15 August 2024 in a returning traveler from Burundi, Thailand reported a confirmed imported case due to MPXV clade Ib on 22 August 2024. The case is a European man, with travel history to the Democratic Republic of Congo.On August 22, 2024, Gabon reported a suspected case of mpox clade Ib in a person with a travel history to Uganda (LINK).Epidemiological situation: Mpox outbreaks are caused by different clades, clades 1 and 2, see EpiNews as of 16 August 2024. Historically, clade 1 has been associated with a higher percentage of people with mpox developing severe illness or dying, compared to clade 2 (responsible for the global spread in 2022). D.R. Congo (DRC) has been the most affected country, with a large increase of mpox cases due to MPXV clade I being reported since November 2023. In April 2024, sequencing of mpox cases from Kamituga in South Kivu province in eastern DRC, within the context of an observational study, identified a subtype of clade I, clade Ib. Both MPXV clade Ia and clade Ib have been circulating in DRC, while clade Ia has been detected in Congo and Central African Republic.  Geographical spread of the new MPXV clade Ib variant occurs via transport routes through sexual contact (e.g. sex workers), and then local transmission is observed in households and other settings (which are becoming increasingly important).In recent weeks, confirmed mpox cases due to MPXV clade Ib have been reported by countries neighbouring DRC, such as:Burundi (highest number of cases outside DRC): As of 17 August 2024, there had been 545 alerts of mpox cases since the outbreak declaration, of which 474 suspected cases (86.9%) had been investigated and validated. Of 358 suspected cases tested, 142 (39.7%) tested positive for MPXV. Genomic sequencing analysis has confirmed clade Ib MPXV. About 37.5 cases % are among children <10 years old.Kenya. 1 case confirmed, for details see LINK. As of 13 August, a total of 14 suspected cases had been identified, one case had tested positive for MPXV Clade Ib, 12 suspected cases had tested negative, and the test result for one case was pending. Rwanda: 2 confirmed cases in July and 2 confirmed cases in August.Uganda: 2 confirmed cases  On 14 August 2024, WHO declared the current clade I monkeypox virus outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC).  The type of exposure reported by cases in DRC includes sexual contact, non-sexual direct contact, household contact and healthcare facility contacts. The cases reported in Rwanda had travel history to DRC and Burundi, investigation showed that the cases reported by Uganda took place outside the country, while the case reported in Kenya was detected at a point of entry. For clade Ib (reported in Eastern DRC, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda and Kenya), close physical contact (sexual contact) has been documented as the predominant mode of transmission, while for clade Ia (in endemic areas of DRC, Congo and CAR) multiple modes of transmission have been documented including zoonotic transmission.The local transmission (non-sexual) is alarming and will likely not only happening in Burundi but in all new African affected countries, still with new location affected through sexual network.  For details of the cases, epidemiology, public health response and WHO advice, see WHO LINK.

According to the media, the Nigerian government has mandated that incoming passengers to the country (through the airports), fill out a health declaration form to ensure safety against infectious diseases.  The reintroduction of the protocols by the Nigerian government through the Port Health Services under the Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare is connected to the recent outbreak of mpox (former ‘monkeypox’) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and other African countries.

Seven suspected Ebola cases have been reported in Bas-Uèle province that is located in the north-central of D.R. Congo. Of the seven cases, five have died. Samples from three of the suspect cases tested negative for the Ebola Zaire strain by RT-PCR. However, the samples taken were all of minimal quality.

Following the massive flooding at the end of July, the number of leptospirosis cases is rising at an alarming rates. The Philippine Department of Health on Saturday ordered all hospitals in the capital to ‘activate’ their leptospirosis capacity plan.